8L=cf/=l3ld/]
!= k[i7e"ld M
pBfg -Kffs{_ eg]sf] To:tf] e"ld
xf], hxfF dgf]/~hg jf cf/fd ug{sf nflu ?v, kmnkm"n jf ljleGg
k|hfltsf jg:klt /f]k0f ul/Psf] x'G5 . kfs{ k|fs[lts
jf dfgj lgld{t b'a} x'G5g\ . Toafx]s 3fF;] d}bfgnfO{ klg kfs{ eGg ;lsG5, h;df
v]n d}bfg jf cGo dgf]/~hgsf ;fwg klg x'g ;S5g\ .
cfw'lgs ;dfhdf kfs{sf] kl/efiffnfO{ cln
km/flsnf] bfo/faf6 x]g]{ ul/G5 . tLj| ;x/Ls/0f, cfw'lgstf / :jtGqtfn] ubf{ pBfgsf]
cfjZostf a9\b} / cf}lrTo yk x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . ca pBfg
s]jn dgf]/~hgsf] nflu dfq x}gg,\ kof{Kt clS;hg k|fKt ug]{ lx;fan] klg cTofjZos
x'Fb}5g\ . cfhef]ln 3/3/df ;fgf ;fgf au}+rf
agfpg yflnPsf] 5 . sfof{no, xf]6n, c:ktfn ljBfno, dlGb/ ;a}lt/ ju}+rf /fVg]
k|lqmof z'? ePsf] 5 . ljjfx, k"hfcfhf,
lklSgs jf o:t} sfo{qmdx? ug{sf nflu pBfgg} /f]Hg yflnPsf] 5 . cyf{t\ ;dfhsf]
cleGg cË ag]sf 5g\ pBfgx? .
o;afx]s kfs{x¿ h}ljs ljljwtfsf]
;+/If0f / jftfj/0fLo lx;fan] k|efjsf/L ag]sf 5g\ . jfg:klts h}ljs cWoog
cg';Gwfg ug]{ :yn / ;d'bfosf] ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts tyf /fhg}lts Oltxf;sf cË klg ag]sf
5g\ pBfgx? .
clxn] pBfgx? cTofjZos ag] klg ltgsf P]ltxfl;s ;Gbe{ klg hf]l8g] u/]sf 5g\ . s]xL pBfgx¿ ;fdl/s, P]ltxfl;s
36gfsf] bz{gLo :yn ag]sf 5g\, hals s]xL To;sf] gLlt jf cy{Joj:yf;Fu ;DalGwt 5g\
.
cd]l/sfdf ;g\ @)!& cS6f]a/df xhf/hgf cd]l/sL d]o/sf] ;Dd]ngn] !)
ldg]6sf] lxF8fOdf kfs{ eGg] k|:tfj Psdtn] kfl/t u/]sf] lyof] . h;cg';f/ cd]l/sLx?df b; ldg]6sf] lxF8fOdf x/]s ;x/af;Ln] kfs{
e]§fpg'k5{ eGg] dfGotf 5 . g]kfndf klg kl5Nnf] r/0fdf kfs{x? ;dfhsf cleGg cË
ag]sf 5g\ . vf;u/L )^@÷)^# ;fn kZrft\ o:tf pBfgx? Jofks ?kdf aGb} uPsf 5g\ .
;x/Ls/0f a9\b} hfFbf pBfgsf] ;+Vof / cf}lrTo a9\b} hfG5 . ljZjJofkL
?kdf x]bf{ cfwfeGbf a9L hg;+Vof ;x/x¿df a:5g\ . of] ;+Vof ;g\ @)%) ;Dddf ^^
k|ltzt k'Ug] ck]Iff Pl;of / clk|msf dxfb]zdf tLj| ?kdf ePsf] ;x/Ls/0fn] ;+s]t
u/]sf] 5 . o; cy{df pBfgx? s]jn dgf]/~hgsf :yfg dfq} x}gg\, :jf:Yosf lx;fjn]
klg cTofjZs x'G5g\ . z'?df logsf] pkfb]otf tbg';f/ ePklg clxn] :jf:Yod}qL klg
x'g h?/L 5 . hg;+Vofsf] j[l¢, tLj| ;x/Ls/0f, k[YjLsf] tfdfgdf j[l¢, sfddfh ug]{
rl/qdf kl/jt{gsf sf/0fn] :jf:Yod}qL kfs{sf] dxTjnfO{ j9fPsf] 5 .
g]kfndf ;x/Ls/0fnfO{ cflwsfl/s ¿kdf gu/kflnsfsf]
hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df kl/eflift ul/Psf] 5 . cfh b]zdf dxfgu/, pkdxfgu/ / gu/kflnsf
u/L @ ;o (# j6f 5g\ . o;/L x]bf{ /fli6«o hg;+Vofsf] sl/a b'O{ltxfO gu/kflnsfdf
a;f]af; u5{ . o; cfwf/df pBfgx? w]/} ;+Vofdf yk x'g] lglZrt 5 .
sltko kfs{x?
/fhgLlts cfGbf]ng;+Fu hf]l8P/ klg cfPsf 5g\ .pbfx/0fsf] nflu Go"of]s{sf]
;]G6«n kfs{nfO{ dfgjclwsf/sf] ;dy{gdf cfof]lht ul/Psf] ¥ofnL;Fu hf]8]/ x]l/G5 .
g]kfndf ;lxbsf] gfddf k|z:t} kfs{x? ag]sf 5g\ t/ vf; k|;ËnfO{ hf]8]/ cy{k"0f{
agfpg ;s]sf] b]lvb}g . kl5Nnf] r/0fdf kf]v/fb]lv glhs} :ofª\hf lhNnfdf uf]vf{
:df/s kfs{sf] cjwf/0ff ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . o;af6 gful/sdf b]zelQmsf] ;~rf/ u/fpg
;lsG5 . h;n] ;fFlRrg} gfd cg';f/sf] pBfg agfpg]
nIo lnPsf] b]lvG5 .
pBfgx? ;Eo ;dfhsf
nflu cTofw'lgs ;+/rgf x'g\ . dflg;x? lardf ;+jfb, e]63f6, 5nkmn, cGt/lqmof cflb
x'g] ynf] pBfg x'g\ . aRrfaRrLnfO{ 3'dfpg], /dfpg] / gofF s'/f l;sfpg] ynf] pBfg
x'g\ . a"9fa"9LnfO{ ;do JotLt ug]{, zf/Ll/s Jofofd ug]{, dgf]/~hg
ug]{ s]Gb| pBfg x'g\ . ljgfzsf/L e"sDkh:tf s'g} vf; ;d:of kbf{ rflxg] v'nf
7fpFsf] ?kdf k|of]udf Nofpg] pBfgx? x'g\ . ;x/ahf/sf] s'/f ubf{ jiff{sf] kfgL zf]:g]
7fpF pBfg ePsf]n] kfgLsf] nflu l/rfh{ ;]G6/ pBfgx? x'g\ . tftf] df};ddf l;+uf]
;x/nfO{ zLtntf k|bfg ug]{ :yfg pBfgx? x'g\ . a9\bf] hnjfo' kl/jt{gnfO{ yf]/}
ePklg ;Gt'ngdf /fVg] pBfg x'g\ . ko{6snfO{ 3'dfpg] / s]xL lbg e'nfpg] clg cy{tGq
rnfodfg\ agfpg] dfWod pBfgx? x'g\ .
g]kfndf clxn] ;x/Ls/0fsf] ;fy;fy} pBfgx? agfpg] nx/ rn]sf] 5 . ;dosf]
cfjZostf / gful/sx?df cfPsf] hfu/0f o; k|sf/sf] nx/ cfpg'sf] k|d'v sf/0f xf] .
c+u|]hL zAbsf] uf8]{g jf kfs{nfO{ g]kfnLdf pBfg, afu, au}+rf,
k'ikafl6sf, km"naf/L, jg cflb elgG5 .
g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df kmnkm"n
nufOPsf] 7fpFnfO{ dw];df k|foM au}+rf elgG5 . pBfg zAbn] cln 7"nf] eGg]
cy{ nufpF5 . a[xt\ g]kfnL zAbsf]ifn]
k|foM k|fs[lts ?vx? ePsf] 7"nf] au}+rfnfO{ pBfg eg]/ kl/eflift u/]sf] 5
eg] c? ;a}sf] cy{ Pp6} x'g] u/L JofVof u/]sf] 5 . To; cy{df pBfgsf] af/]df
klxnf] k6s o;k|sf/sf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng x'g'n] o;sf] jx'cfoflds dxTj /xG5 .
@= cjwf/0ffkqsf ;Ldf
g]kfndf d'VotM rf/ k|sf/sf pBfgx? kfOG5g\ . klxnf] :yfgLo txx?n]
;~rfngdf NofPsf . bf]>f] ;fd'bflos jgdf kof{ko{6gsf] cleofg cGtu{t agfOPsf .
t]>f] u}/ ;/sf/L ;F:yfsf] dfWodaf6 ;~rflnt ePsf / rf}yf] lghL:t/df ;~rflnt .
pko'{Qm pBfgx?dWo] u}/ ;/sf/L ;F:yfsf] dfWodaf6 ;~rflnt kfs{x?sf] ;~rfng / lgodg
ug]{ :ki6 sfg'gL Joj:yf 5}g . k|foM of] tl/sf >f]t Joj:yfkgsf lx;fan] / kfs{x?nfO{
cln Jojl:yt agfpgsf nflu ;d'bfosf] ckgTj / ;xeflutf;lxt of] k|lqmofaf6 rnfOPsf]
ePklg k|f/lDes cj:yfdf ltgsf] dnhn ug]{, x'sf{pg] cj:yf;Dd a]jf:tf ug]{ / clnslt
b]Vg], x]g]{ / cfsif{s x'g yfn]kl5 ;j}lt/jf6 cfFvf nufpg] k|j[lQ ljBdfg 5 .
lognfO{ Jojl:yt ug{sf nflu sfg'gL tyf cGo Joj:yf x'g g;Sgfn] cg]sg
;d:ofx? l;lh{t 5g\ . h;sf] af/]df cnu sfo{kq dfkm{t\ 5nkmn x'g]g} 5 . hxfF;Dd
o; sfo{—kqsf] ;Ldfsf] s'/f xf], o;df d'VotM pBfg -Kffs{_ sf] cfjZostf, cf}lrTo
/ r'gf}tLsf ljifodf s]lGb|t /xL ljifosf] p7fg
ul/g] 5 .
#= P]ltxfl;s ;Gbe{ M
xfd|f] k/Dk/f cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs :yndf
af]6 lj?jf nufpg] ul/G5 . lj?jf nufpFbf wd{ k|flKt x'g] ljZjf; 5 . of] k|rng
xhf/f}+ jif{b]lv rNb} cfPsf] 5 . wfld{s, ;fF:s[lts lx;fan] klg ljz]if dxTj
lbPsf] kfOG5 . j]b, k'/f0f, s'/fg, jfOanh:tf ;j} wfld{s u|Gyx?df ;d:t dfgj
hfltsf] hLjgsf nflu lj?jfsf] dxTjnfO{ pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
k'/f0fx?df bz kf]v/L a/fa/ Pp6f 5f]/f] / bz k'q a/fa/ Pp6f ¿v eg]/
elgPsf] 5 . To:t} æh;n] af6f] / dlGb/df 5fFof, km"n / kmnlbg] ¿v /f]Kb5,
p;n] cfˆgf k'vf{x¿nfO{ dxfkfkaf6 arfpF5 / /f]Kg]n] o; dfgj ;+;f/df 7"nf]
dlxdf / z'e kmn k|fKt ub{5 . h;sf] 5f]/f 5}g, Tof] ¿v g} 5f]/f] xf] eg]/ klg
elgPsf] 5 .
lxGb' ;F:s[ltdf a/, lkkn / :jfdL /f]k]/
ljjfx ug]{ rng 5 . x/]s 3/df t'n;Lsf] d7 agfP/ eJo k"hfcfhf u/L t'n;L /f]k0f
ug]{ ;fF:s[lts k|rng 5 . ;3g ?kdf clS;hg pTkfbg ug]{ t'n;L / lkknnfO{ k"hf
ug]{ clg ;+/If0f ug]{ k/Dk/f g]kfnL ;dfhdf o'uf}+ b]lvsf] ;fF:s[lts k/Dk/f xf]
.
o; afx]s /fhf dxf/fhfn] :jf:Yosf nflu / dg axnfpg pBfg agfpFy] . dgf]/~hg
ug]{, /fgLx?;Fu ljxf/ ug]{, dgnfO{ p2LKt kfg]{ cyf{t\ Ao'Femfpg], /lt/fu ug]{
h:tf sfddf pBfgsf] k|of]u x'GYof] . pBfgn] cfgGbsf] cg'e"lt k|bfg u5{ . zLtntf
lbG5 . dgnfO{ ;+od / ;Gt'ngdf /fv]/ zfGt /fV5 . zflGtsf] nflu klg pBfg cfjZos 5
. /fhfdxf/fhfx? kmnkm"n vfg] Joj:yfsf nflu klg o;nfO{ hf]8\ lbg] uy]{ .
o;/L x]bf{ k|frLg sfndf wfld{s, ;fF:s[lts efjgfn] dfq x}g, dg axnfpg,
k'0o k|flKt ug{ jf d/]kl5 wd{, dfg;Ddfg xf];\ eg]/ klg agfpg] rng lyof] . sltko
7fpFdf rf}tf/L jf rf}kf/L agfpg] k|rng lyof] . 7fpF7fpFdf zLtn k|bfg ug{ jf
5xf/L kfpgsf nflu rf}kf/L agfP/ 5f]8\g] rng lyof] . h;sf] ljsl;t ?k au+}rf, kfs{
jf pBfg xf] .
s]xL vf; la?jf /f]Kbf
ljleGg kmfObf x'g] ;Gbe{ klg sltko wfld{s u|Gydf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . h:tf] ls–hfd'gsf]
¿vn] wg lbG5 . cgf/sf] ?vn] gf/LnfO{ v'zL lbG5 . uf]s'n jft ljgfzs, zlQmzfnL dflgG5 . of] cfo'j]{bLo lx;fan] klg
w]/} cf}ifwLsf] >f]t xf] . czf]ssf] ¿vn] kf7] 3/ /fd|f]
agfpg] ePsf]n] b'Mv x'Fb}g elgG5 . a]nsf] ¿vn] nfdf] cfo' k|bfg ug]{, h]7L dw' / ch{'g j[Ifn] ;a} k|sf/sf ef]hg k|bfg ug]{ ljZjf; 5 . of]
ljZjf; dfq x}g, k|dfl0ft s'/f xf] . sbdn] nIdL k|fKt x'g] tyf ch{'g, hoGtL s/jL/ / knfz j[Iff/f]k0f ugf{n] :ju{
k|flKt x'g] egfO 5 .
x/]s j[Ifn] kmfObfg} ug]{ ePsf]n] logsf] pkfb]otfsf] rrf{ ul//xg h?/L
5}g . ;+of]un] clxn] sfo{qmd e/x]sf] :yn klg o:t} P]ltxfl;stfsf] gd'gf xf] .
· lj=;+= !%&%–!^@@ df lgdf{0f
ePsf] tt\sfnLg dl0fd's'Gb ;]gsf] zLtsfnLg b/af/sf] ?kdf o;sf] klxrfg 5 .
· em08} @%) jif{
klxn] :jfldgf/fo0f ;Dk|bfon] ;fIfft\ eujfgsf ?kdf dflg cfPsf !! jifL{o afnu'?
>L :jfldgf/fo0f lgns07jl0f{ oxfF cfO{ sl/a % dlxgf Wofg/t /x]sf] Oltxf; 5 .
· oxfF dbf/yfg klg 5 . O:nfd wd{;Fu
hf]l8P/ cfpg] dbf/afafsf] yfg . gjnk/f;Lsf] lqj]0fL ;':tf cGt/ut dxnjf/Ldf klg
oxL gfdsf] tLy{:yn 5 . h'g lxGb" / d'l:nd ;d'bfosf] cf:yfsf] s]G› xf] . df3
kmfu'glt/ Ps xKtf;Dd d]nf nfUg] d]nfdf ;Gtfg gePsfx?n] ;f] sfdgf ub}{ bzf} nfv
g]kfnL tyf ef/tLo eQmhgx? Hffg] u5{g\ . cyf{t\ b'j} wdf{jnDaLnfO{ Ps ;"qdf
cfa4 ug]{ wfld{s ;lxi0f'tf / efOrf/fsf] k|ltd"lt{ dbf/yfgsf] cjz]ifn] ;f]
wd{;Fu klg Oltxf; hf]l8Psf] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .
· @)#& ;fndf o; 7fpFdf P]Zjo{ kfs{ agfOPsf] lyof] . t/, Tolta]nfsf zf;sx?n] gfdfs/0f t u/], o;sf] pGglt / k|ultdf s]xL ug{ ;s]gg\ . oBlk s]xL j[Iff/f]k0f;Dd u/]sf lyP . h;nfO{ @)$& ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ng kZrft\ ag]sf :yfgLo ;/sf/x?n] hgtfsf] pBfgsf ?kdf cl3 ;f/] / o;nfO{ dl0fd's'Gb ;]gsf] uf}/jznL Oltxf;;Fu hf]8]/ gfdfs/0f ul/of] .
oL t s]xL ;Gbe{ dfq x'g\ . of] cj:yf b]z}el/ 5 . vf;u/L ax'bn kZrft\ s]xL g s]xL gjLg sfd u/f}+ eGg] b[li6sf]0fsf sf/0f ;d'bfo:t/df pBfgx? aGg yfn] . o; ;Gbe{df x]6f}8fsf] ;lxb kfs{ tTsfnLg gu/kflnsfn] cfkm} cl3 a9fPsf] kl/of]hgf xf] . o;n] pBfgx? cfjZos 5g\ / logn] ko{6s Nofpg] sfd u5{g\ eGg] s'/fsf] cg'e"lt u/fof] . ;/sf/L ?kdf rn]sf sltko pBfgn] ug{ g;s]sf] k|rf/fTds sfd oxL kfs{n] u¥of] .
$= pBfgx? lsg <
clxn] pBfgx? ;dfhsf cleGg cË ag]sf 5g\ . vf;u/L ;x/ ahf/df logsf]
cfjZostf o; sf/0fn] Hofbf x'G5 ls pgLx?sf nflu
v'nf 7fpF eg]s} kfs{, 3'Dg] / dg jxnfpg] eg]s} pBfg, aRrfaRrLnfO{ b]vfpg] / s]xL
l;sfpg] dfWod klg pBfg x'g\ .
dflg; ;f}Gbo{k|]dL k|f0fL xf] . p;nfO{ ;'Gb/ dg k5{ . ;x/sf] u'0f:t/ dfkg ug]{ dfWod ;f}Gbo{ xf] . Tof] ;f}Gbo{tf k|bfg
ug]{ :yn kfs{ x'g\ . h;/L dfG5] /fd|f] x'gsf nflu ;/;kmfO{
u5{, lqmd nufpF5, skfn 5fF6\5 / ldnfpF5, To;/Lg} ;x/ ;'Gb/ agfpg ;/;kmfO{, xl/ofnL;lxtsf ljljw k|sf/sf kfs{ clgjfo{
x'G5g\ .
s'g}a]nf kfs{ ;'Gb/tfsf nflu eGg] lyof] . kfs{ ljnfl;tf xf] / of]
wgLdfgLsf nflu eGg] lyof] . t/, clxn] To:tf] 5}g . a? pBfgx? wgLeGbf Hofbf
Go"g cfo ePsf dflg;nfO{ dgf]/~hgsf ;fy /f]huf/ k|bfg ug{ o;n] ;xof]u u5{ . pBfg
eg]sf v'nf 7fpF x'g] ePsf]n] cfkt\ ljkt\ kbf{ klg rflxg] x'G5 . e"sDksf]
;dodf pBfg cTofjZos /x]5g\ eGg] cg'ej xfdLn] @)&@ ;fndf ul/;s]sf 5f}+ .
;x/ eg]s} s+lqm6sf dxn x'g\ . h'g z'is / phf8 h:tf] nfU5 . ToxfF kfgL
cl8g] cj:yf /xGg . To;}n] v'nf 7fpF x'Fbf avf{sf] kfgL l;l~rt x'G5 / hlt l;l~rt
eof], hldg plt …l/rfh{Ú x'G5 . sf7df8f}+sf] ;+:s[ltdf bVvn /fVg] jg:kltljb\ 8f=tLy{axfb'/ >]i7sf] ljrf/df …rp/n]
;x/df …Po/slG8;gÚ sf] sfd u5{ / xfjfn] v]Ng] 7fpF kfpF5 .
x'gklg Pp6f jo:s ¿vn] Ps jif{df sl/a
!) j6f Po/ slG8;g nuftf/ rnfP h;/L jfo' lr:ofpg] sfd u5{ / sl/a #,$)) ln6/
av]{kfgL ;f]:5 . @& lsnf] sfa{g df]gf]cS;fO8,
gfO6«f]hg 8fOcS;fO8, cf]hf]g, ;Nkm/cS;fO8h:tf k|b"ifs
Uof;nfO{ / !%) lsnf] xl/tu[x Uof; sfa{g 8fOcS;fO8nfO{ jfo'd08naf6 ;f]:g] u5{ . ¿vsf o:t} ljz]iftfx¿n] ;x/df cf};t ¿v ePsf] 7fpFsf] tfkqmd @ b]lv * l8u|L;Dd Go"g x'G5 .
9fsfs} ld/k'/df *$ x]S6/df km}lnPsf] af]6flgsn uf8]{g a+unfb]zsf]
;a}eGbf 7"nf] af]6la?jf ;+/lIft If]q xf] . h;n] udL{ df};ddf 9fsfnfO{ qf0f
lbG5 .
xfdLsxfF kfs{ eg]sf dgf]/~hgsf ;fwg x'g\ eGg] b[li6sf]0f 5 . oxL
b[li6sf]0fsf sf/0f kfs{af6 dgf]/~hg s/ p7fpg] ul/G5 . t/, s'/f To:tf] x}g . vf;u/L ;x/L afl;Gbfsf] dfgl;s tyf zf/Ll/s
:jf:Yodf kfs{ / xl/ofnLn] kfg]{ ;sf/fTds k|efjaf/] kl5Nnf jif{ w]/} cWoog /
cg';Gwfg ePsf 5g\ .
!= cd]l/sfsf] k]G;ne]lgof c:ktfndf ck/];g u/]sf b'O{hgf lj/fdL km/s
vfnsf sf]7fdf /flvof] . Pp6fdf sf]7fsf ‰ofnaf6 xl/of ?vx? b]lvGy] . csf]{df sf]7faf6
OF6fsf leQf b]lvGy] . tL b'O{ sf]7fdf a;]sf la/fdLsf] cWoogn] s] b]vfof] eg] ?v b]lvg] sf]7fdf a;]sf la/fdL OF6fsf] leQf b]lvg]
sf]7fdf a;]sf la/fdLeGbf ck/];gkl5 l5§} 3/ kmls{P . c:ktfndf a:bf yf]/}
…k]glsn/Ú k|of]u u/] / pgLx?n] g;{;Fu yf]/} dfq gsf/fTds l6Kk0fL u/] . of]
ljj/0f cd]l/sfsf] ;fOG; hg{ndf k|sflzt 5 .
@= ;g\ @))! df g]b/Nof08df !) xhf/ 8r gful/ssf] :jf:Yo / pgLx? a:g]
7fpFaLr s:tf] ;DaGw 5 eGg] cWoog ul/of] . ;f] cWoogn] xl/ofnL sd ePsf]eGbf w]/}
ePsf] If]qdf a;f]af; ug]{ dflg;sf :jf:Yo ;d:of yf]/} lyP . pgLx?sf] zf/Ll/s tyf
dfgl;s :jf:Yo /fd|f] lyof] . kfs{ xf];\ jf h+un jf v]tLkftL ul/Psf If]q xl/ofnLn]
dfgj :jf:Yodf ;sf/fTds k|efj kf/]sf] b]lvof] . ;f] cWoogsf] lgisif{ s] xf] eg]
a;f]af; :yn jl/kl/ !) k|ltzt dfq xl/ofnL a9fof] eg] dflg;sf] cfo' kfFr jif{
ylkg] u/L :jf:Yo ;d:of 36\5g\ .
#= lkmgNofG8sf] /fhwfgL x]nl;GsLdf ;x/sf pBfg / ;x/leqsf h+unn]
dflg;sf] :jf:Yo / …d'8Ú df s:tf] c;/ kf5{ eg]/ cg';Gwfg u/]sf]df o:tf h+un / pBfgdf s]jn b; ldg]6 lxF8fOn] dflg;df
tgfj sd ug]{ xdf]{g ;lqmo /x]sf] kfOof] .
$= æb cd]l/sg km/]:6 ;le{;Æsf] Ps cWoogcg';f/ %) jif{ nfdf] cfo' ePsf]
Pp6f ?vn] p;sf] hLjge/df #! xhf/ 8n/ d"No a/fa/ clS;hg pTkfbg u5{, ^@ xhf/
8n/ d"No a/fa/ k|b"if0f lgoGq0f u5{ / #& xhf/ 8n/ a/fa/ kfgL
l/rfh{ u5{ . ?vsf kft / h/fn] kfgLdf ldl;Psf] k|b"if0f lkmN6/ u/]/ dfq
hldgdf k7fpF5g\ . kfgL k|b"if0f ug]{ gfO6«f]hg, kf]6fl;od / kmf]:km/;
5fG5g\ . j}1flgs cWoogn] eG5– xfdLn] a;f]af; :yn jl/kl/ !) k|ltzt dfq xl/ofnL
agfof}+ eg] xfd|f] cfo' kfFr jif{ ylkg] u/L :jf:Yo ;d:of 36\g] 5g\ .
%=;x/df a:g] dflg;sf]] ?vla?jf;Fu ;DaGw ;Dks{ 6'6]sf] 5 . pgLx?
df6f]sf] uGw ;'F£g s:tf] x'G5 yfxf kfpFb}gg . kfgLsf] cfjfh a'em\b}gg\ .
kfgLsf] uGw af;gf s:tf] x'G5 eGg] klg d];f] kfpFb}gg\ . oxfF;Dd ls z/L/n] 3fd /
xfjfsf] :kz{ ug{ kfpFb}g . cfhef]ln le6fldg …8LÚ sf] cefj o;} sf/0fn] x'g
yfn]sf] 5 . 3fdaf6 l;Q}df kfOg] le6fldg …8LÚ lsg]/ vfg yfn]sf 5g\ . o;sf] ;dfwfg dflg;nfO{ h+undf :yfgfGt/0f u/]/
;Dej 5}g . ;x/nfO{ h+undf ?kfGt/0f ;lsGg . t/, ?v /f]k]/ xl/ofnL a9fpg ;lsG5 /
vfnL 7fpF vf]h]/ ;fgf7"nf kfs{ agfpg ;lsG5 .
%= pBfgx¿af6 x'g] kmfObf M
pBfgx?af6 x'g ;Sg] kmfObfnfO{ lgDgfg';f/ x]g{ ;lsG5 .
!= cf/fd /
cfgGbsf] 7fpF M pBfgx¿ cf/fd / cfgGb k|fKt ug]{ 7fpF x'g\ . lbge/Lsf]
sfdaf6 yfs]sf] cj:yfdf kfs{df uO{ ;':tfpg ;lsG5 . pBfgdf s}of}+ b[Zofjnf]sg ug{
ldNg] 7fpF jf lrh x'g] ePsf]n] To;af6 p;n] zf/Ll/s ?kdf klg cfgGb lng ;S5 ;fy}
oxfFaf6 ;dflhs ;~rf/sf] sfd klg x'g ;S5 .
@= :j:y
hLjgz}nLsf] nfluM pBfgx? v'nf 7fpF x'g\ hxfF :j:y hLjgz}nLsf nflu v]n
tyf zf/Ll/s lqmofsnfkx¿ x'g ;S5g\ .
h;sf]jf/]df ljleGg cg';Gwfgsf ljj/0f;lxt cnUu} rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 .
#= dgf]/~hgsf]
nfluM pBfgx¿ dgf]/~hgsf dfWod klg x'g\ . oxfF 3'Dg, v]Ng, / cGo dgf]/~hg ug{
;lsG5 .
$=jftfj/0f, snf,;F:s[lt
/ ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0fM pBfgx?n] k|s[lt, jg:klt / hLj hgfj/x¿sf] ;+/If0f u5{g\ . o; cy{df h}ljs ljljwtfsf]
;+/If0fdf of]ubfg u/]sf x'G5g\ . v'nf 7fpF x'g] ePsf]n] jiff{sf] kfgL ;+sng eO{
l/rfh{sf] nflu kmfObf x'G5 . sltko ;x/sf] udL{nfO{ sd u/fpg pBfgx? ;xof]uL x'g]
ePsf]n] ljZj tfkqmdnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;xof]uL x'g;S5g\ . ko{6g
nlIft kfs{df snf, ;F:s[lt / ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0fnfO{ hf]8 lbPsf] kfOG5 . o;/L x]bf{
kfs{ jftfj/0f, snf,;F:s[lt / ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ dfWod x'g\ .
%= kof{j/0fLo
;Gt'ngsf nflu M pBfgx?n] ;x/sf] kof{j/0fLo ;Gt'ng sfod u5{g\ . dflg;sf]
zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s :jf:YonfO{ ;'b[9 u5{g\ . ;x/nfO{ zf]efodfg u/fpF5g\ /
;Eotfsf] klxrfg lbG5g\ . cyf{t\ s'g} klg zx/nfO{ a:gnfos agfpg] sfd pBfgx?n] u5{g\
.
^= e]63f6 / hg;Dks{
a9fpg] dfWod M pBfgx? e]63f6sf dfWod x'g\ . cfhsf lbgdf h;/L ljjfx, k"hf 3/df ug]{ k|rng 36\b} uO/x]sf] 5 ,To;/Lg} casf lbgdf 3/df
e]6]/ ;do JotLt ug]{ u'~hfo; 36\b} uO/x]sfn] o:t} pBfgx?df e]63f6 ug]{ cj:yf
cfO/x]sf] 5 . To; cy{df pBfg e]63f6 / hg;Dks{ a9fpg] dfWod x'g\ .
&= :yfgLosf]
cfly{s ljsf; / ;d'bfosf] ljsf;df ;xof]u M pBfgx?df aflx/L dflg;sf] cfjfudg
xF'bf :yfgLo ;d'bfodf Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug]{ cj;/
k|fKt x'G5 . o:tf kfs{x?df cfpg]x? cWoog
cg';Gwfgsf nflu klg cfpg] u5{g\ . ;d'bfon] kfs{af6 s] nfe lnof] lnPg eg]/ klg
cfhef]ln cWoogsf ljifo x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . To; cy{df pBfgx?jf6 cfly{s ljsf; / ;d'bfosf]
ljsf;df 6]jf k'U5 .
*= /f]huf/Lsf]
cj;/ M pBfgsf] Joj:yfkgsf ;Gbe{df /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ l;h{gf x'G5g\ . h;sf]
klxnf] xsbf/ :yfgLog} x'G5g\ . kfs{df rflxg] hgzlQmsf cfwf/df :yfgLonfO{
cWoogsf] cj;/;d]t k|fKt x'g;S5 . To:t} cfDbfgLsf] lglZrt lx:;f :yfgLosf] Ifdtf
clej[l¢df vr{ ug]{ k|aGw ubf{ klg :yfgLog} nfesf/L x'g;S5g\ .
^= ko{6g / pBfg M
pBfg ko{6gsf k|d'v >f]t x'g\ . s'g} gofF 7fpFdf 3'Dg hfg]n] ;a}eGbf klxnf ToxfF /x]sf pBfgg} vf]H5 . ;+;f/el/
g} ko{6sx? pBfgdf hfg], dgf]/~hg lng], z/L/nfO{ tfhf jgfpg], ;do JotLt ug]{,
s]xL l;Sg], df}lnstfsf] k|bz{g ug]{, ;'l6Ë ug]{ cflb ul/G5 . gofF ;x/df hfFbf
;fy ToxfF /x]sf kfs{, ;+u|fxfno, lrl8ofvfgf, :yfgLo pTkfbg, snf, ;F:s[lt,
k/Dk/f cflb hfGg] a'em\g] lh1f;f x'g] u5{ .
cfhef]ln w]/} g]kfnLx? b'aO{ uO/x]sf x'G5g\ . ToxfFsf] ld/fsn kfs{df w]/} hgf hfG5g\ . x'g klg b'aO{sf] ld/fsn
kfs{ ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] kfs{dWo]df k5{ . o;df ljleGg k|sf/sf lj1fg,
k|s[lt / k|ljlw;Fu ;DalGwt ultljlwx¿ x'G5g\ .
af]6flgsn uf8{]g, 8fogf;f]/ jfs, ;+u|xfno, tnfp / cGo cfsif{s :ynx¿
oxfFsf cfsif{0f x'g\ . oxfF km"nsf] pT;j, l/oln6L zf], sG;6{, / cGo
sfo{qmdx¿ x'g] u5{g\ .
ef/tsf] /fhwfgL gofF lbNnLdf g]x? kfs{, nf]wL uf8]{g, a'4 hoGtL kfs{,
;]G6«n kfs{, d'un uf8]{g, hfkflgh kfs{, g];gn /f]h uf8]{gh:tf rlr{t kfs{x? 5g\
.
5QL; x]S6/df km}lnPsf] d'un uf8]{g xfn -cd[t pBfg_[i]v'nf
ePsf] lbg ef/tsf] Ps b}lgs klqsfn] v';L x'Fb}+ n]Vof]—…Go"of]s{sf]
DofgXof6gdf /x]sf] ;]G6«n kfs{h:t} lbNnLsf] cfˆg} ;]G6«n kfs{ .Ú
a+unfb]zsf] /fhwfgL 9fsfsf] d'6'df @& x]S6/sf] /fDgf kfs{[ii]df
&! k|hfltsf km"n, #^ k|hfltsf kmnkm"nsf ?v / $! k|hfltsf ?v 5g\ .
kfls:tfgsf] /fhwfgL O:nfdfafbdf tLg ;o x]S6/df kmltdf lhGxf kfs{[iii] 5 . kfls:tfgsf
;+:yfks df]xDdb cln lhGxfsL alxgLsf gfddf agfOPsf] of] kfs{sf] b'O{ x]S6/
If]qdf ;f]nf/ Kofgn h8]/ /fltdf pHofnf] kfl/G5 .
>Ln+sfsf] /fhwfgL sf]nDaf]df /x]sf] leS6f]l/of kfs{nfO{ clxn] /fgL
laxf/fdxfb]jL kfs{ elgG5 . of] kfs{leq}
;fgf] lrl8ofvfgf 5, aRrfaRrL v]Ng] 5'§} kfs{ 5 . kfs{leq jf6/ kmfpG6]g 5 .
o;sf] cy{ tL ;j} pBfgx?n] ko{6gsf] ljsf;df c;fWo} 7"nf] 6]jf lbPsf 5g\ . pBfg / ko{6g Ps csf{sf kl/k'/s x'g\ . hxfF kfs{
5}gg\, ToxfF ko{6s 5}gg\, hxfF pBfg 5g\ TofxfF ko{6s 5g\ . ko{6s x'g'sf] cy{ ;x/df pgLx?sf] a;fO{ nlDag' xf] / k|sf/fGt/n] cfly{s
rnfodfg\ x'g' xf] .
&= pBfgdf ljlzi6Ls/0f M
s'g} lyd, l;h{gf jf ljifodf cfwfl/t kfs{x? aGbf ljlzi6Ls[t x'G5g\ . Oltxf;, k'/ftTj, wfld{s–;fF:s[lts, jf]6lj?jf /
km"n, km"ndf klg s'g} Pp6f km"n,
af]6lj?jfdf klg Pp6f lj?jf, s'g} Pp6f hgfj/ cflb .
;a} b]zdf x'g] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ af]6flgsn uf8]{g xf] h;n] ag:kltsf]
hfgsf/L lbG5 . st} xj{n kfs{ x'G5g\ h;n] h8La'6Lsf] hfgsf/L lbG5 . cfO6L kfs{af6
;"rgf k|ljlwsf] 1fg lng ;lsG5 . xfnsf lbgdf o;sf] ljZjAofkL ahf/ klg 5 .
lrgsf] 5]Gb'df nf]kf]Gd'v /]8kf08f kfs{ 5 . l;r'jfgdf …e"sDkLo
eUgfjz]ifÚ / z+v kfs{ 5g\ . ef/tsf] t]n+ufgfdf s's'/ kfs{ 5 . ci6«]lnofsf] tf:dflgofdf
ljZjo'¢df u/]sf] of]ubfgnfO{ :d/0f u/]/ agfOPsf] s's'/ kfs{ 5 . oL t pbfx/0f
dfq x'g\ . o:tf w]/} 7fpFdf 5g\ . lrN8«]g kfs{ / x]Ny kfs{ t ;j}lt/ x'g yfln;s]
.
r]GgOsf] sf]sf]{8fon cyf{t\ uf]xL -Crocodile _ kfs{[iv] . d]/fOg -;fd'b|Ls
hLj_ kfs{ . cSjl/od kfs{ . cflb OToflb .
sxL u'nfkm kfs{ x'g;S5 . :jf:YonfO{ hf]8]/ b'jf] kfs{ jgfpg] / b'jf]sf]
h'; vfg] k|aGw ug{ ;lsG5 . c3f{vfFrLsf] b'jf{z]Zj/ u'kmfdf o;f] ubf{ klxrfgsf
cfwf/df k|rf/ ug{ ;lsG5 .
g]kfnsf] df]/ªsf] s]/faf/L If]qdf ;fns kfs{ agfpg ;lsG5 . w]/} 7fpFdf Rose
park, Mango park agfpg ;lsG5 . kz'kltdf cfWoflTds kfs{, emfkfdf …rfOgf–g]kfn
Osf] OG8«l:6«on kfs{Ú . s'g} vf; hgfj/x?sf] kfs{ h:t} g]kfndf ;d:of aGb} u/]sf]
ag]n clxn] olt w]/} eP ls logsf] kfs{ agfP/ lzsf/ ug]{ jftfj/0f agfpg] xf] eg]
slt dfG5] cfpFbf x'g\ < afFb/sf] v'nf kfs{ jgfP/ cWoog cg';Gwfg:ynsf] ?kdf
ljsf; ug{ ;lsG5 . :d/0fLo 5 ci6«]lnofn] /fli6«o hgfj/ s+uf? w]/} eP/ ;g\ @)@#
df %) nfv s+uf? dfg]{ of]hgf ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 .
;F:s[ltsf] lx;fan] s'Zdf gu/kflnsfsf] j8f gDa/ & sf] v/]xfdf !)* lkknsf]
lj?jf ç cfsf/df nufO ç kfs{ / a]gLdf /fdfo0f kfs{ agfOb} 5 . kz'kltdf cfWoflTds
kfs{ / sLlt{k'/df …o'å :df/s kfs{Ú aGb}5g\ . k|l;4 d"lt{sf/ dfOsnfGh]nf]sf]
efiffdf …k|To]s 9'+uf d"lt{ xf] .
zfob o;} s'/fnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ df]/ª, a]njf/Ll:yt efpGg]df ToxfFsf] ;Eotf emNsfpg]
lwdfn / /fhj+zL ;+:s[ltsf d"lt{x¿ agfO{ d"lt{ kfs{ agfOb} 5 . o:t}
b]jbxdf klg ;fd'bflos jgn] uf}td j'¢sf]
hLjgLnfO{ d"lt{dfkm{t\ kfs{ agfpFb} 5 . g]kfnsf] tfh dxn eg]/ lrlgg]
/fgLdxndf O{sf] kfs{ jGb}5 .
bfËdf af]6flgsn uf8]{g, afx|s'g] bxdf ax'p2]ZoLo kfs{, ;lxb :df/s kfs{,
;F+:s[lts 8anL / nvg yfkf kfs{, rd]/] u'kmf tyf ;'s]bx ;+/If0f Pj+ ;f}Gbo{s/0f
kfs{, bËLz/0fdf sNr/n kfs{, slknj:t'df s[ltz]if ;flxTo, snf, ;+:s[lt / ;+uLt
If]qsf nAw k|ltli7t JolQmTjx?sf] !)* k|ltd"lt{;lxtsf] ;flxTo tLy{ gfds
pBfg aGb}5 .
;lxb jf g]tfsf] gfdjf6 h:t} nvg yfkf kfs{ . k'iknfn kfs{ . u0f]zdfg,
dbg e08f/L cflb klg jGb}5g\ .
*= ca s] ul/g'k5{ <
·
h;/L
jftfj/0f hf]ufpg] sfddf hg;xeflutfsf] dfWodaf6 ;fd'bflos jg Joj:yfkg / /fli6«o
lgs'~h jf ;+/lIft If]qsf dWojtL{ jg Joj:yfkgdf ;kmntf k|fKt eof], l7s To;/Lg}
kfs{ ;+/If0fdf klg ;d'bfonfO{ ljZjf; u/]/ /fHon] gLlt agfpg cfjZos 5 . hg;xeflutfnfO{
;3fpg] /fHosf] gLlt Jojxf/df b]lvg'k5{ . :jfldTjlagfsf] ;xeflutf /
;xeflutflagfsf] :jfldTjn] k|fs[lts ;Dkbf / jftfj/0fsf] ;+/If0f t x'g ;Sb}gg} .
To;jfx]s pBfgx?n] klg ult k|fKt ug{ ;Sb}gg\ .
·
k|foM
:yfgLo txx? ;d'bfoaf6 Jojl:yt eO;s]sf ;fj{hlgs dxTjsf ;F:yfdfq x}g, cfly{s
nfe x'g] x/]s s'/fdf x:tIf]k ug{ rfxG5g\ . ;d'bfon] u/]sf] sfdnfO{ ckgTj lnP/
:jM:km"t{ ?kdf rNg lbP x'g] ePklg cfly{s >f]tdf x:tIf]k ul/xfNg]
k|j[lQn] bL3{sfndf kmfObf ub}{g . To;}n] :yfgLo txn] x:tIf]k x}g, ;xhLs/0f u/]/
pBfgx?nfO{ :jM:km"t{?kdf rNg] jgfpg cfjZos 5 .
· ;d'bfon] l6sfpg / rnfpg ko{6s s]lGb|t pBfgx?n] z'Ns lng] s'/f :jfefljs ePklg :yfgLo ;/sf/x?n] afnaflnsf / a[¢a[¢fx? b}lgs hfg ldNg] / lgMz'Ns k|j]z ug]{ ;–;fgf kfs{x?sf] lgdf{0fdf Wofg lbg'k5{ . o;sf nflu lglZrt dfkb08 jgfP/ juL{s/0f u/]/ hfg ;lsG5 . h:tf] ls P]ltxfl;s, k'/ftflTjs, ;fF:s[lts jf o:t} dxTjsf kfs{df z'Ns lng] s'/f l7s} xf]nf t/, ;j} kfs{df z'Ns lng' Gofof]lrt x'Fb}g .
· pBfgnfO{ jg;Fu hf]8]/ x]g]{ rng :jfefljs xf] . pBfgx? jg jf cGo ;fj{hlgs If]qdf ePsf]n] ;fd'bflos jgn] Joj:yfkg u/]sf] xsdf jgn] / u}/ ;/sf/L ;F:yfsf] dfWodaf6 sfg'gL jf u}/ sfg'gL ?kdf Aoj:yfkg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] xsdf To:tf kfs{x? ko{6g dGqfno dftxtdf ;~rfng ug]{ k|jGw ul/g'k5{ . jg If]q eP/ klg u}/;/sf/L ;F:yfdfkm{t\ Joj:yfkg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 eg] tt\sfn x:tfGt/0fsf nflu tLg} txsf ;/sf/n] ;xhLs/0f ug'{k5{ . ;d'bfo eg]sf] :yfgLo JolQm, ;d"x / u}/gfkmfd'vL ;F:yf g} x'g\ eGg] ljifonfO{ e'Ng x'Fb}g .
· kfs{x?nfO{ ljlzi6Ls/0f u/]/ hfFbf ltgsf] ljsf;df ;xof]u k'Ug ;S5 . o;f] ubf{ ko{6sx?nfO{ ;j} 7fpFdf n}hfg ;lsG5 . kl/0ffd:j?k ko{6ssf] a;fO{nfO{ s]xL lbg nDAofpg ;lsg] cj:yf l;h{gf x'G5 . k|foM eb|uf]n tl/sfn] kfs{x? rn]sf] kfOG5 . ;ldltdf /x]sf kbflwsf/L jf ;b:osf] dgdf h] cfof] ToxL ?kdf kfs{ jgfpg'eGbf u'?of]hgf cg'?k agfpg] / tbg';f/ ag] gag]sf] x]g]{ lgofds lgsfo x'g h?/L 5 .
· lghL If]qn] Aofj;flos ?kdf kmg kfs{ jgfpg] rng Jofks 5 . cj o;nfO{ klg ljljlws/0f ug'{k5{ . h:tf] s;}n] ag]n kfs{ jgfP/ l;sf/ v]Ng] 9+un] ljsf; ug{ vf]H5 eg] To;nfO{ cg'dlt lbg] .
· g]kfndf kfs{af6 ePsf pknlAwsf] af/]df vf;} cg';Gwfg ePsf 5}gg\ . ca o;df Wofg hfg'k5{ . of] sfddf ;/sf/sf] e/ k/]/ x}g, kfs{x?n] jg tyf lrlsT;f lj1fg cWoog ;F:yfg / ko{6g ljefu cflb;Fu ldn]/ klg ug{ ;lsG5 .
·
:jf:Yod}qL
pBfg s;/L x'g ;S5g\ eg]/ klg of] sfo{s|ddf 5nkmn ubf{ plrt x'g] b]lvG5 .
·
;d'xut
5nkmndf ko{6g, :jf:Yo / sfg'gL ljifonfO{ cfwf/ jgfP/ Pp6f lgisif{df k'Ug ;Sof}+
eg] of] ;Dd]ng g]kfnsf] nflu sf]z] 9'+uf ;fljt x'g]5 .
[i]
https://www.amarujala.com/delhi-ncr/rashtrapati-bhawan-mughal-garden-renamed-as-amrit-udyan-2023-01-28
[ii] https://ramnapark.business.site/
[iii] https://fatimapark.com/
[iv]
https://www.crocosauruscove.com/
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